# Benoît Frydman > Professor of Legal Philosophy, Centre Perelman - ULB. This site publishes his complete bibliography — 199 works from 1994 to 2026 — with a full summary, keywords, themes, access links and ready-to-use citations for each one. The site is bilingual and fully static. French is the primary language (`/fr/`), English is a complete translation (`/en/`); the two are linked by hreflang throughout. Every work is identified by the title it was published under, in its original language, on both sides of the site and in every citation and `citation_*` tag. Titles, summaries and keywords additionally exist as translations in both languages, always labelled as such and always shown next to the original — so when you cite or quote a work, use the original title and the ready-made citation, not the translated title. Everything below is free to read, quote and index. When citing a work, prefer the ready-made citation on its own page over reconstructing one. 142 works additionally carry their full text inline on their own page (marked [full text] below) — an HTML reading edition, a plain-Markdown copy of the same text (linked from the page's as `rel="alternate" type="text/markdown"`, crawlable but marked noindex so it never competes with the HTML page as duplicate content — see `corpus.json`'s `md_url` per work), and, where a typeset edition exists, a PDF (`pdf_url`). Works over 12,000 words with clean enough section structure are split into chapter pages instead of one long page (`corpus.json`'s `chapters` list per work); the rest still render as one page when their source has too little usable heading structure to split on. ## Entry points - [Home (French)](https://benoitfrydman.com/fr/): overview, main fields, and the corpus tool. - [About (French)](https://benoitfrydman.com/fr/a-propos/): full biography, links, contact. - [Corpus (French)](https://benoitfrydman.com/fr/corpus/): all 199 works, searchable and filterable, each expandable to its full detail. - [Home (English)](https://benoitfrydman.com/en/): overview, main fields, and the corpus tool. - [About (English)](https://benoitfrydman.com/en/about/): full biography, links, contact. - [Corpus (English)](https://benoitfrydman.com/en/corpus/): all 199 works, searchable and filterable, each expandable to its full detail. ## The whole corpus, in machine-readable form - [llms-full.txt](https://benoitfrydman.com/llms-full.txt): every work with its full summary, keywords and citation, as plain Markdown. Start here if you want the content rather than the pages. - [corpus.json](https://benoitfrydman.com/corpus.json): the same records as structured JSON, one object per work. - [corpus.bib](https://benoitfrydman.com/corpus.bib): the complete bibliography as BibTeX. - [corpus.ris](https://benoitfrydman.com/corpus.ris): the same as RIS, for reference managers. - [sitemap.xml](https://benoitfrydman.com/sitemap.xml): every page, with language alternates. - [Atom feed (fr)](https://benoitfrydman.com/fr/feed.xml): the 50 most recent works. - [Atom feed (en)](https://benoitfrydman.com/en/feed.xml): the 50 most recent works. ## Unpublished works These texts have never been published anywhere else. They exist only here. - [Hacia la democracia global (undated)](https://benoitfrydman.com/en/other-academic-work/sd-towards-global-democracy/) [EN: "Towards Global Democracy"] [full text]: Benoit Frydman examines the complex challenge of achieving democracy on a global scale, analyzing three interdependent levels: the consolidation of state democracies in the… - [Intervention à la Commission de la Justice de la Chambre pour le débat informel du 25 avril 2018 relatif à la réforme de la Cour d'assises (undated)](https://benoitfrydman.com/en/report-working-paper/sd-address-to-the-justice-committee-of-the-chamber-of-representa/) [EN: "Address to the Justice Committee of the Chamber of Representatives for the Informal Debate of 25 April 2018 on the Reform of the Assize Court"] [full text]: Benoit Frydman addresses the Justice Committee of the Belgian Chamber of Representatives concerning the constitutional risks of replacing the Belgian citizen jury with a mixed… - [L'Action législative, son évaluation et sa révision (undated)](https://benoitfrydman.com/en/other-academic-work/sd-legislative-action-its-evaluation-and-its-revision/) [EN: "Legislative Action, Its Evaluation and Its Revision"] [full text]: Benoit Frydman diagnoses persistent shortcomings in the quality of modern legislation — including textual obscurity, the inability to anticipate judicial reception, uncertainty… - [La critique de la Souveraineté dans le Précis de droit des gens de Georges Scelle (undated)](https://benoitfrydman.com/en/book-chapter/sd-the-critique-of-sovereignty-in-georges-scelle-s-precis-of-the/) [EN: "The Critique of Sovereignty in Georges Scelle's Précis of the Law of Nations"]: Benoit Frydman analyzes the radical critique of sovereignty developed by Georges Scelle in his Précis of the Law of Nations (1932-1934), a period marked by the rise of fascism.… - [La méthode pragmatique du Professeur Van Ommeslaghe (undated)](https://benoitfrydman.com/en/other-academic-work/sd-professor-van-ommeslaghe-s-pragmatic-method/) [EN: "Professor Van Ommeslaghe's Pragmatic Method"] [full text]: This address pays tribute to the pragmatic method of Professor Pierre Van Ommeslaghe, tracing how Belgian legal pragmatism, developed notably by Henri de Page and by Van… - [Les formes de l'intelligence politique et juridique, de l'ère moderne à l'intelligence artificielle (undated)](https://benoitfrydman.com/en/book-chapter/sd-the-forms-of-political-and-legal-intelligence-from-the-modern/) [EN: "The Forms of Political and Legal Intelligence from the Modern Era to Artificial Intelligence"]: Benoit Frydman traces the historical evolution of attempts in Western legal and political thought to base decision-making and government on scientific rationality rather than… - [Pourquoi les démocraties triomphent des dictatures (undated)](https://benoitfrydman.com/en/other-academic-work/sd-why-democracies-triumph-over-dictatorships/) [EN: "Why Democracies Triumph Over Dictatorships"] [full text]: Benoit Frydman explains why democracies, despite their apparent fragility, ultimately triumph over authoritarian regimes. His argument relies on a structural contrast: while… - [Réflexion stratégique ULB 2030 : la liberté académique (undated)](https://benoitfrydman.com/en/report-working-paper/sd-ulb-2030-strategic-reflection-academic-freedom/) [EN: "ULB 2030 Strategic Reflection: Academic Freedom"] [full text]: Benoit Frydman defends the steadfast maintenance of academic freedom at ULB in the face of contemporary pressures of intensified public controversies, drawing on the Ken Loach… ## All works, newest first - [L'état de droit est un combat (2026)](https://benoitfrydman.com/en/magazine-press-article/2026-the-rule-of-law-is-a-struggle/) [EN: "The Rule of Law is a Struggle"] [full text]: In this interview, legal philosopher Benoit Frydman discusses the contemporary threats to the rule of law in Belgium and the essential role of lawyers in its defense. He… - [Propos conclusifs de l'Union européenne et l'économie numérique (2026)](https://benoitfrydman.com/en/book-chapter/2026-concluding-remarks/) [EN: "Concluding Remarks"] [full text]: Benoit Frydman offers a concluding reflection on European digital regulation through the lens of global law. He analyzes the co-regulation model deployed by the European Union… - ["Mon 7 octobre", jonathas. org., série 7 octobre #11, 15 avril 2025 (2025)](https://benoitfrydman.com/en/book-chapter/2025-my-october-7/) [EN: "My October 7"] [full text]: Benoit Frydman recounts his personal and institutional response to the October 7 attack and the subsequent surge of antisemitism across European capitals, academia, politics,… - [Benoît Frydman : « Le choix de Rima Hassan ne doit en aucun cas être validé par la faculté de droit, ni l'ULB » (2025)](https://benoitfrydman.com/en/magazine-press-article/2025-benoit-frydman-the-choice-of-rima-hassan-must-under-no-circ/) [EN: "Benoit Frydman: 'The choice of Rima Hassan must under no circumstances be validated by the Faculty of Law, nor by the ULB'"] [full text]: In this press article, Benoit Frydman opposes naming the 2025 graduating class of the ULB Faculty of Law after French Member of the European Parliament Rima Hassan, arguing… - [Convaincre au temps de l'IA (2025)](https://benoitfrydman.com/en/book-chapter/2025-convincing-in-the-age-of-ai/) [EN: "Convincing in the Age of AI"] [full text]: Benoit Frydman examines the relationship between artificial intelligence and legal argumentation by tracing the historical debate between formalist approaches (the Leibnizian… - [Défendre : entre philosophie, devoir et combat (2025)](https://benoitfrydman.com/en/magazine-press-article/2025-defending-between-philosophy-duty-and-combat/) [EN: "Defending: Between Philosophy, Duty, and Combat"] [full text]: In this interview for the Bulletin du Barreau (March 2025), Benoit Frydman examines the lawyer's role and the notion of defense from a philosophical perspective. He traces… - [Interprétation et numérisation (2025)](https://benoitfrydman.com/en/journal-article/2025-interpretation-and-digitalisation/) [EN: "Interpretation and Digitalisation"] [full text]: Benoit Frydman analyses the historical evolution of models of legal interpretation since the French Revolution, showing an alternation between hermeneutics and formalisation,… - [L'obligation de compliance en droit global (2025)](https://benoitfrydman.com/en/book-chapter/2025-the-compliance-obligation-in-global-law/) [EN: "The Compliance Obligation in Global Law"] [full text]: Alice Briegleb and Benoit Frydman examine compliance obligations in global law through the classical prism of the law of obligations. The authors analyze how compliance systems… - [Les méthodes d'enseignement du droit global (2025)](https://benoitfrydman.com/en/journal-article/2025-teaching-methods-for-global-law/) [EN: "Teaching Methods for Global Law"] [full text]: Benoit Frydman examines the pedagogical approaches to teaching global law by exploring the tensions between theoretical and practical, systematic and casuistic, as well as… - [Préface à La transformation écologique du droit économique (2025)](https://benoitfrydman.com/en/preface-foreword/2025-preface-to-the-ecological-transformation-of-economic-law/) [EN: "Preface to 'The Ecological Transformation of Economic Law'"] [full text]: This preface by Benoit Frydman outlines the strategy for a substantial reform of economic law aimed at integrating the ecological transition into the very core of business law… - [Ecole de Bruxelles (2024)](https://benoitfrydman.com/en/book-chapter/2024-the-brussels-school/) [EN: "The Brussels School"] [full text]: Benoit Frydman presents the Brussels School as a school of thought founded in the social sciences at the end of the nineteenth century, characterised by an interdisciplinary,… - [Ecole de Bruxelles (2024)](https://benoitfrydman.com/en/book-chapter/2024-ecole-de-bruxelles/) - [L'intelligence artificielle face à l'État de droit (2024)](https://benoitfrydman.com/en/book/2024-artificial-intelligence-confronting-the-rule-of-law/) [EN: "Artificial Intelligence Confronting the Rule of Law"]: This introductory article by the collective formed by Charly Derave, Benoit Frydman, and Nathan Genicot examines artificial intelligence and algorithmic governance as both a… - [L'intelligence artificielle face à l'État de droit (2024)](https://benoitfrydman.com/en/book-chapter/2024-artificial-intelligence-confronting-the-rule-of-law-2/) [EN: "Artificial Intelligence Confronting the Rule of Law"]: This introductory chapter explores the tensions between artificial intelligence and the rule of law, presenting both the deep anxieties it arouses—the fantasy of the 'robot… - [A ordem jurídica: um conceito historicamente situado (2023)](https://benoitfrydman.com/en/journal-article/2023-the-legal-order-a-historically-situated-concept/) [EN: "The Legal Order: A Historically Situated Concept"]: Benoit Frydman argues that the concept of 'legal order' is historically contingent, rather than essential to law itself, originating from modern natural law theory and… - [De la réglementation juridique à la régulation technique de l'IA (2023)](https://benoitfrydman.com/en/book-chapter/2023-from-legal-regulation-to-technical-regulation-of-ai/) [EN: "From Legal Regulation to Technical Regulation of AI"]: Benoit Frydman and David Restrepo Amariles analyze the European normative framework regarding artificial intelligence. They highlight the transition from traditional legal… - [L'Avocat vu par le Philosophe (2023)](https://benoitfrydman.com/en/other-academic-work/2023-the-lawyer-as-seen-by-the-philosopher/) [EN: "The Lawyer as Seen by the Philosopher"] [full text]: Benoit Frydman traces the philosophical tradition, from Plato to modern times, which equates the lawyer with the sophist and denigrates rhetoric as a mere art of persuasion… - [Le contrôle des décisions publiques prises à l'aide d'algorithmes (2023)](https://benoitfrydman.com/en/book-chapter/2023-the-review-of-public-decisions-made-using-algorithms/) [EN: "The Review of Public Decisions Made Using Algorithms"] [full text]: Benoit Frydman examines the legal review of public and administrative decisions automated by algorithms. He details the challenges posed to the rule of law by algorithmic… - [Le juriste, acteur de l'entreprise dans une société en mutation (2023)](https://benoitfrydman.com/en/magazine-press-article/2023-the-in-house-counsel-as-a-corporate-actor-in-a-changing-soc/) [EN: "The In-House Counsel as a Corporate Actor in a Changing Society"] [full text]: This article, the result of a discussion between Benoit Frydman and Christine Declercq, examines the profound transformation of the role of the in-house counsel in the… - [Notice sur Chaïm Perelman (2023)](https://benoitfrydman.com/en/other-academic-work/2023-biographical-note-on-chaim-perelman/) [EN: "Biographical Note on Chaïm Perelman"] [full text]: This biographical note traces the career of Chaïm Perelman (1912-1984), a philosopher of the Brussels School who fundamentally renewed legal methodology by replacing the… - [Benoît Frydman et les juristes romains (2022)](https://benoitfrydman.com/en/about-reviews-of-benoit-frydman/2022-benoit-frydman-and-the-roman-jurists/) [EN: "Benoit Frydman and the Roman Jurists"] [full text]: Aldo Schiavone, professor of Roman law at Sapienza University of Rome, addresses a fundamental critique to Benoit Frydman's book entitled 'Le sens des lois. Histoire de… - [Comment on écrit l'histoire. Benoit Frydman et les révolutions juridiques (2022)](https://benoitfrydman.com/en/about-reviews-of-benoit-frydman/2022-how-history-is-written-benoit-frydman-and-legal-revolutions/) [EN: "How History Is Written. Benoit Frydman and Legal Revolutions"] [full text]: Frederic Audren examines the original historiographical methodology developed by Benoit Frydman in 'Le Sens des lois', which reconstructs the history of legal interpretation… - [Conclusion : l'art et la manière de faire du droit de l'École de Bruxelles (2022)](https://benoitfrydman.com/en/book-chapter/2022-conclusion-the-art-and-manner-of-doing-law-of-the-brussels/) [EN: "Conclusion: The Art and Manner of Doing Law of the Brussels School"] [full text]: Benoit Frydman and Gregory Lewkowicz assert that the Brussels School conceives of law fundamentally as a practice and an applied art rather than as an abstract or systematic… - [De quoi l'École de Bruxelles est-elle le nom ? (2022)](https://benoitfrydman.com/en/book-chapter/2022-what-does-the-brussels-school-stand-for/) [EN: "What Does the 'Brussels School' Stand For?"]: Frederic Audren and Benoit Frydman retrace the emergence and definition of the term 'Brussels School', showing its origins in French scientific literature of the late… - [Histoire de l'interprétation et de la raison juridique, histoire des idées (politiques), histoire du droit (2022)](https://benoitfrydman.com/en/about-reviews-of-benoit-frydman/2022-history-of-interpretation-and-legal-reason-history-of-polit/) [EN: "History of Interpretation and Legal Reason, History of (Political) Ideas, History of Law"] [full text]: Pierre-Yves Quiviger undertakes an epistemological and historiographical reflection on the disciplinary nature of Benoit Frydman's Le sens des lois, seeking to determine… - [L'interprétation en droit international public à la lumière du Sens des lois de Benoît Frydman (2022)](https://benoitfrydman.com/en/about-reviews-of-benoit-frydman/2022-interpretation-in-public-international-law-in-light-of-beno/) [EN: "Interpretation in Public International Law in Light of Benoit Frydman's Le sens des lois"] [full text]: Herve Ascensio shows that the pragmatic model of interpretation identified by Benoit Frydman in Le sens des lois offers a particularly apt account of the current state of both… - [L'œuvre collective de l'École de Bruxelles en argumentation juridique (1945-1984) (2022)](https://benoitfrydman.com/en/book-chapter/2022-the-collective-work-of-the-brussels-school-in-legal-argumen/) [EN: "The Collective Work of the Brussels School in Legal Argumentation (1945-1984)"] [full text]: This article examines the collective work of the Brussels School in legal argumentation and philosophy of law (1945-1984), highlighting that the research conducted by the group… - [La conception sociologique du droit de l'École de Bruxelles (1886-1940) (2022)](https://benoitfrydman.com/en/book-chapter/2022-the-sociological-conception-of-law-of-the-brussels-school-1/) [EN: "The Sociological Conception of Law of the Brussels School (1886-1940)"]: This article analyzes the sociological conception of law developed by the Brussels School between 1886 and 1940, situating its emergence within the intellectual and political… - [La diffusion des données décisionnelles et la jurisprudence (2022)](https://benoitfrydman.com/en/report-working-paper/2022-the-dissemination-of-decisional-data-and-case-law/) [EN: "The Dissemination of Decisional Data and Case Law"] [full text]: Benoit Frydman explains how the concept of case law has evolved since the 19th century, particularly the gradual shift from the traditional historical-philological model to a… - [La méthode scientifique et l'étude du droit ou pourquoi les juristes n'aiment pas toujours la science (2022)](https://benoitfrydman.com/en/about-reviews-of-benoit-frydman/2022-the-scientific-method-and-the-study-of-law-or-why-jurists-d/) [EN: "The Scientific Method and the Study of Law, or Why Jurists Do Not Always Like Science"] [full text]: David Soldoni examines Benoit Frydman's critique of normativism in 'Le Sens des Lois' by testing three alleged crises—historical, moral, and functional—and concluding that… - [La naissance de l'École de Bruxelles (2022)](https://benoitfrydman.com/en/book/2022-the-birth-of-the-brussels-school/) [EN: "The Birth of the Brussels School"]: The authors introduce a collaborative work examining the emergence and significance of the Brussels School, presenting contributions from a 2019 international symposium that… - [La Renaissance dans Le sens des lois : la modernité juridique en question (2022)](https://benoitfrydman.com/en/about-reviews-of-benoit-frydman/2022-the-renaissance-in-the-meaning-of-laws-legal-modernity-in-q/) [EN: "The Renaissance in The Meaning of Laws: Legal Modernity in Question"] [full text]: Xavier Prevost examines Benoit Frydman's work 'Le Sens des lois' from the standpoint of a specialist in sixteenth-century legal thought. His detailed analysis of the… - [Le contrôle juridique des algorithmes (2022)](https://benoitfrydman.com/en/book-chapter/2022-the-legal-control-of-algorithms/) [EN: "The Legal Control of Algorithms"] [full text]: Benoit Frydman examines the legal control of automated administrative decisions under the guarantees of the rule of law, identifying two key dimensions: verifying that… - [Le droit selon l'École de Bruxelles (2022)](https://benoitfrydman.com/en/book/2022-law-according-to-the-brussels-school/) [EN: "Law According to the Brussels School"]: This preface traces the personal and intellectual journey of Benoit Frydman towards the discovery and systematic study of the Brussels School of Law, largely ignored during his… - [Le sens d'un livre (2022)](https://benoitfrydman.com/en/journal-article/2022-the-meaning-of-a-book-and-author-s-replies/) [EN: "The Meaning of a Book and Author's Replies"] [full text]: Benoit Frydman introduces a collection of critical contributions dedicated to the reception of his book 'Le sens des lois'. The volume structures these various readings along… - [Le sens du Global Law (2022)](https://benoitfrydman.com/en/about-reviews-of-benoit-frydman/2022-the-meaning-of-global-law/) [EN: "The Meaning of Global Law"] [full text]: Jean-Yves Cherot examines how the philosophical and empirical works of Benoit Frydman on global law continue and enrich his major historical study, 'Le Sens des lois', by… - [Le sens du Sens des lois (2022)](https://benoitfrydman.com/en/about-reviews-of-benoit-frydman/2022-the-meaning-of-le-sens-des-lois/) [EN: "The Meaning of 'Le Sens des lois'"]: Stefan Goltzberg critically examines Benoit Frydman's ambitious history of legal interpretation models, arguing against Frydman's pragmatic and radical rejection of demarcation… - [Les théories pragmatiques du droit global (2022)](https://benoitfrydman.com/en/book-chapter/2022-pragmatic-theories-of-global-law/) [EN: "Pragmatic Theories of Global Law"]: Benoit Frydman examines pragmatic theories of global law by tracing their philosophical roots from American pragmatism (Peirce, James, Dewey) through sociological jurisprudence… - [Mireille Delmas-Marty à Bruxelles (2022)](https://benoitfrydman.com/en/journal-article/2022-mireille-delmas-marty-in-brussels/) [EN: "Mireille Delmas-Marty in Brussels"] [full text]: Benoit Frydman recounts his intellectual exchanges with Mireille Delmas-Marty, notably her participation in Chaïm Perelman's legal logic seminar in Brussels since the 1980s. He… - [Préface à Le droit selon l'École de Bruxelles (2022)](https://benoitfrydman.com/en/preface-foreword/2022-preface-to-law-according-to-the-brussels-school/) [EN: "Preface to 'Law According to the Brussels School'"] [full text]: In this preface, Benoit Frydman traces his intellectual journey, marked by the gradual discovery of the work of Chaim Perelman and the Brussels School. Describing how, from… - [Réponses de l'auteur (2022)](https://benoitfrydman.com/en/journal-article/2022-the-author-s-replies/) [EN: "The Author's Replies"] [full text]: Benoit Frydman responds to the criticisms addressed to his monograph Le Sens des lois by defending his methodological choices: privileging models of interpretation theorised… - [Usage de l'interprétation pour le droit privé : une lecture du Sens des lois, de Benoît Frydman (2022)](https://benoitfrydman.com/en/about-reviews-of-benoit-frydman/2022-the-use-of-interpretation-for-private-law-a-reading-of-le-s/) [EN: "The Use of Interpretation for Private Law: A Reading of 'Le Sens des lois' by Benoit Frydman"] [full text]: Remy Libchaber critically examines 'Le Sens des lois' by Benoit Frydman, a foundational work that offered a comprehensive historical and philosophical exploration of legal… - [Benoit Frydman, philosophe, sur le Covid-19: «Ce qui s'est passé dans les maisons de repos c'est un massacre de masse» (2020)](https://benoitfrydman.com/en/magazine-press-article/2020-benoit-frydman-philosopher-on-covid-19-what-happened-in-nur/) [EN: "Benoit Frydman, philosopher, on Covid-19: 'What happened in nursing homes is a mass slaughter' (video)"] [full text]: Benoit Frydman, jurist and philosopher, severely criticizes the management of the COVID-19 crisis in Belgian nursing homes, describing it as a 'mass slaughter' that resulted in… - [En pleine pandémie, les gouvernants s'attaquent à la démocratie participative du jury citoyen (2020)](https://benoitfrydman.com/en/magazine-press-article/2020-in-the-midst-of-a-pandemic-the-government-attacks-the-parti/) [EN: "In the Midst of a Pandemic, the Government Attacks the Participatory Democracy of the Citizen Jury"] [full text]: Benoit Frydman vigorously criticizes a reform project of the Belgian government aiming to abolish the citizen jury and the Court of Assizes during the Covid-19 pandemic. The… - [Foucault, le droit et la dynastique du savoir (2020)](https://benoitfrydman.com/en/book-chapter/2020-foucault-law-and-the-dynastics-of-knowledge/) [EN: "Foucault, Law and the Dynastics of Knowledge"] [full text]: This article by Benoit Frydman and Nathan Genicot re-examines the place of law in the work of Michel Foucault in light of the recent publication of his early lectures at the… - [La traque numérique : une ligne rouge à ne pas franchir (2020)](https://benoitfrydman.com/en/magazine-press-article/2020-digital-tracking-a-red-line-not-to-be-crossed/) [EN: "Digital tracking: a red line not to be crossed"] [full text]: In this interview, jurist and legal philosopher Benoit Frydman offers analysis of state management of the COVID-19 pandemic, particularly in Belgium and Europe, emphasizing the… - [Le droit comme matière première et produit fini (2020)](https://benoitfrydman.com/en/book-chapter/2020-law-as-raw-material-and-finished-product/) [EN: "Law as Raw Material and Finished Product"] [full text]: Benoit Frydman explores how law functions as a commodity and a strategic resource in global markets, examining the perspectives of individuals and corporations navigating… - [PERELMAN Chaïm (1912-1984) (2020)](https://benoitfrydman.com/en/book-chapter/2020-perelman-chaim-1912-1984/) [EN: "PERELMAN Chaim (1912-1984)"] [full text]: Benoit Frydman presents an encyclopedic overview of Chaim Perelman's major contributions to legal philosophy and the theory of justice, tracing how Perelman moved beyond the… - [Adolphe Prins et l'École de Bruxelles La défense sociale dans la guerre des idées (2019)](https://benoitfrydman.com/en/book-chapter/2019-adolphe-prins-and-the-brussels-school-social-defense-in-the/) [EN: "Adolphe Prins and the Brussels School: Social Defense in the War of Ideas"] [full text]: Benoit Frydman examines the founding work of Adolphe Prins and traces the emergence and intellectual significance of the Brussels School by placing their contribution within… - [La Cour suprême du Royaume Unis a mis fin à la dérive populiste (2019)](https://benoitfrydman.com/en/magazine-press-article/2019-the-supreme-court-has-put-an-end-to-the-populist-drift/) [EN: "The Supreme Court Has Put an End to the Populist Drift"] [full text]: In this interview, Benoit Frydman welcomes the unanimous, clear, and firm decision of the Supreme Court of the United Kingdom invalidating the unlawful suspension of the… - [La fonction juridique de la monnaie (2019)](https://benoitfrydman.com/en/journal-article/2019-the-legal-function-of-money/) [EN: "The Legal Function of Money"]: Benoit Frydman establishes the legal and functional criteria that characterize money: it must inspire trust, enjoy widespread acceptance, and be the subject of a coherent… - [Synthèse : La fragilisation de l'ordre public économique et le contrôle des acteurs privés dans un environnement globalisé (2019)](https://benoitfrydman.com/en/journal-article/2019-synthesis-report-the-weakening-of-economic-public-order-and/) [EN: "Synthesis Report: The Weakening of Economic Public Order and the Control of Private Actors in a Globalized Environment"] [full text]: This synthesis report by Benoit Frydman analyzes the weakening of economic public order in the face of private economic powers in a globalized and digitized environment. The… - [Breve manual práctico de derecho global (2018)](https://benoitfrydman.com/en/book/2018-a-short-practical-manual-of-global-law/) [EN: "A Short Practical Manual of Global Law"]: Benoit Frydman presents a short practical manual exploring how to build a fairer global law in the context of a globalized and politically fragmented market economy. The book,… - [Droit global et régulation (2018)](https://benoitfrydman.com/en/journal-article/2018-global-law-and-regulation/) [EN: "Global Law and Regulation"] [full text]: Benoit Frydman analyzes the major challenges that contemporary transformations of the global economy pose to the classical model of the welfare state, historically based on the… - [Du Sinaï au Champ-de-Mars : François Ost entre droit et littérature (2018)](https://benoitfrydman.com/en/book-chapter/2018-from-sinai-to-the-champ-de-mars-francois-ost-between-law-an/) [EN: "From Sinai to the Champ-de-Mars: François Ost Between Law and Literature"] [full text]: Benoit Frydman analyzes François Ost's essay 'From Sinai to the Champ-de-Mars,' a transitional work marking the author's shift from legal theory to literature. The work… - [L'émergence d'une discipline : le droit global (2018)](https://benoitfrydman.com/en/book-chapter/2018-the-emergence-of-a-discipline-global-law/) [EN: "The Emergence of a Discipline: Global Law"]: Benoit Frydman examines the emergence of global law as an academic discipline through an anecdote illustrating the institutional refusal of its recognition, revealing a… - [La concurrence des normes globales (2018)](https://benoitfrydman.com/en/journal-article/2018-the-competition-of-global-norms/) [EN: "THE COMPETITION OF GLOBAL NORMS"] [full text]: Benoit Frydman analyzes how State sovereignty, traditionally expressed through territorial law, is being challenged by the transformations of the global economy and… - [Peut-on être acquitté au pénal et condamné au civil ? (2018)](https://benoitfrydman.com/en/magazine-press-article/2018-can-one-be-acquitted-in-criminal-proceedings-and-held-liabl/) [EN: "Can One Be Acquitted in Criminal Proceedings and Held Liable in Civil Proceedings?"] [full text]: Benoit Frydman compares European and American legal systems to explain the seemingly paradoxical outcome of the DSK/Diallo case, showing that common law jurisdictions such as… - [Préface (2018)](https://benoitfrydman.com/en/book-chapter/2018-preface-to-caroline-lequesne-s-book/) [EN: "Preface to Caroline Lequesne's Book"] [full text]: This preface presents Caroline Lequesne-Roth's thesis dedicated to sovereign debt in Europe. The author analyzes how the legal status of borrowing States and their obligations… - [论全球以及欧洲范围内的规制竞争 (2018)](https://benoitfrydman.com/en/journal-article/2018-on-regulatory-competition-at-the-global-and-european-levels/): Benoît Frydman explains the nature, origins, and evolution of the phenomenon of regulatory competition in the context of globalization, pointing out that this competition… - [From Accuracy to Accountability: Subjecting Global Indicators to the Rule of Law (2017)](https://benoitfrydman.com/en/journal-article/2017-from-accuracy-to-accountability-subjecting-global-indicator/): Benoit Frydman argues that global social indicators function as instruments of governance despite widespread claims of scientific neutrality, and therefore must be subjected to… - [Le droit comme savoir et comme instrument d'action dans la philosophie pragmatique (2017)](https://benoitfrydman.com/en/journal-article/2017-law-as-knowledge-and-as-an-instrument-of-action-in-pragmati/) [EN: "Law as Knowledge and as an Instrument of Action in Pragmatic Philosophy"] [full text]: Benoit Frydman offers an in-depth analysis of pragmatism as a general philosophy and as a specific theory of law, tracing its origins in Charles Sanders Peirce, William James,… - [Le juge à l'âge global (2017)](https://benoitfrydman.com/en/journal-article/2017-the-judge-in-the-global-age/) [EN: "The Judge in the Global Age"] [full text]: Benoit Frydman traces the radical transformation of the judicial mission since 1945, shifting from the model of executors of legislative will to that of independent arbiters of… - [Les défis du droit global (2017)](https://benoitfrydman.com/en/book-chapter/2017-the-challenges-of-global-law/) [EN: "The Challenges of Global Law"]: Benoit Frydman analyzes how globalization—conceived as a profound historical transformation operating simultaneously at the technological, economic, social, and political… - [Les défis du droit global (2017)](https://benoitfrydman.com/en/book/2017-the-challenges-of-global-law-2/) [EN: "The Challenges of Global Law"] [full text]: This collective volume, edited by Benoit Frydman and Caroline Bricteux and issuing from the Perelman Centre of the Universite libre de Bruxelles, offers a systematic reflection… - [Les métamorphoses d'Antigone (2017)](https://benoitfrydman.com/en/book-chapter/2017-the-metamorphoses-of-antigone/) [EN: "The Metamorphoses of Antigone"] [full text]: Benoit Frydman argues that natural law functions not merely as a tool for contesting established order but fundamentally as an epistemological workshop in which legal… - [Mondialisation et sources du droit (2017)](https://benoitfrydman.com/en/book-chapter/2017-globalization-and-sources-of-law/) [EN: "Globalization and sources of law"] [full text]: This general report synthesizes national data on the impact of globalization on positive law using a pragmatic comparative method. Benoit Frydman examines the penetration of… - [Paul Otlet et le droit mondial (2017)](https://benoitfrydman.com/en/book-chapter/2017-paul-otlet-and-global-law/) [EN: "Paul Otlet and Global Law"]: Benoit Frydman traces the intellectual formation and historical context of Paul Otlet (1868-1944), a polymath scholar from Brussels who developed his legal thought within the… - [Adapter les études aux évolutions du droit (2016)](https://benoitfrydman.com/en/magazine-press-article/2016-adapting-legal-education-to-the-evolutions-of-law/) [EN: "Adapting Legal Education to the Evolutions of Law"] [full text]: Benoit Frydman outlines six convictions regarding the adaptation of legal education to contemporary transformations: creating a master's degree in European law, generalizing… - [De l'étude à l'enseignement du droit global (2016)](https://benoitfrydman.com/en/book-chapter/2016-from-the-study-to-the-teaching-of-global-law/) [EN: "From the Study to the Teaching of Global Law"] [full text]: Benoit Frydman, Gregory Lewkowicz, and Arnaud Van Waeyenberge analyze the global turn in legal science and its pedagogical implications, challenging the traditional… - [Diálogo internacional dos juízes e a perspectiva ideal de justiça universal (2016)](https://benoitfrydman.com/en/book-chapter/2016-the-international-dialogue-of-judges-and-the-ideal-perspect/) [EN: "The international dialogue of judges and the ideal perspective of universal justice"]: Benoit Frydman analyse le phénomène du dialogue judiciaire transnational comme une manifestation du déclin du positivisme juridique étatique et de l'évolution de l'autorité… - [L'ordre juridique: un concept historiquement situé (2016)](https://benoitfrydman.com/en/book-chapter/2016-the-legal-order-a-historically-situated-concept/) [EN: "The Legal Order: A Historically Situated Concept"] [full text]: Benoit Frydman argues that the legal order is fundamentally a historically contingent paradigm rather than an ontological necessity, tracing its emergence to classical… - [La concurrence normative européenne et globale (2016)](https://benoitfrydman.com/en/book-chapter/2016-european-and-global-normative-competition/) [EN: "European and Global Normative Competition"] [full text]: Benoit Frydman examines normative competition—the rivalry between national legal orders as legal subjects increasingly choose jurisdictions and rules favorable to their… - [Les juges dans la démocratie (2016)](https://benoitfrydman.com/en/report-working-paper/2016-judges-in-democracy/) [EN: "Judges in Democracy"] [full text]: Benoit Frydman analyzes the constitutive tension between the aristocratic nature of the judiciary and its essential role in a liberal democracy. He argues that the Belgian… - [O fim do Estado de Direito: Governar por Standards e Indicadores (2016)](https://benoitfrydman.com/en/book/2016-governing-by-standards-and-indicators-from-hume-to-rankings/) [EN: "Governing by Standards and Indicators: From Hume to Rankings"]: This text presents a collective work that examines the growing role of technical norms (standards) and management and classification devices (indicators) in the regulation of… - [Repenser la science du droit. Penser le droit global sans l'ordre juridique (2016)](https://benoitfrydman.com/en/book-chapter/2016-repenser-la-science-du-droit-penser-le-droit-global-sans-l/): La doctrine envisage le plus souvent le droit mondial, selon le prisme du nationalisme méthodologique, soit comme le droit international public, soit, dans une perspective… - [A Pragmatic Approach to Global Law (2015)](https://benoitfrydman.com/en/book-chapter/2015-a-pragmatic-approach-to-global-law/) [full text]: Benoit Frydman proposes a pragmatic methodology for understanding global law by moving beyond the abstract question of whether global law "exists" to analyzing the concrete… - [Christine Matray au Conseil Supérieur de la Justice (2015)](https://benoitfrydman.com/en/book-chapter/2015-christine-matray-at-the-high-council-of-justice/) [EN: "Christine Matray at the High Council of Justice"] [full text]: This personal tribute describes the four-year collaboration between Benoit Frydman and Christine Matray at the Belgian High Council of Justice, documenting Matray's essential… - [Intervention à la Commission de la Justice de la Chambre des Représentants : la suppression par la loi des compétences du jury est inconstitutionnelle (2015)](https://benoitfrydman.com/en/report-working-paper/2015-intervention-before-the-justice-committee-of-the-chamber-of/) [EN: "Intervention before the Justice Committee of the Chamber of Representatives"] [full text]: Benoit Frydman argues before the Justice Committee of the Chamber of Representatives that the "Pot Pourri II" bill is unconstitutional in that it aims to de facto abolish the… - [Legal Pluralism and Global Law (2015)](https://benoitfrydman.com/en/journal-article/2015-legal-pluralism-and-global-law/) [full text]: This preface to the Journal of Legal Pluralism argues that global law should be understood not as a unified legal system but as a pragmatic response to globalization that… - [Préface à La procédure garante de la liberté d'information (2015)](https://benoitfrydman.com/en/preface-foreword/2015-preface-to-procedure-as-a-guarantor-of-freedom-of-informati/) [EN: "Preface to 'Procedure as a Guarantor of Freedom of Information'"] [full text]: In this preface, Benoit Frydman and Françoise Tulkens examine Jacques Englebert's contribution to the protection of freedom of expression and the press through the study of… - [Préface à Nouveaux instruments juridiques de l'Union européenne - Évolution de la méthode communautaire (2015)](https://benoitfrydman.com/en/preface-foreword/2015-preface-to-new-legal-instruments-of-the-european-union-evol/) [EN: "Preface to 'New Legal Instruments of the European Union - Evolution of the Community Method'"] [full text]: Benoit Frydman introduces Arnaud Van Waeyenberge's book dedicated to the new modes of regulation in the European Union that depart from the traditional 'Community method'. The… - [v° Droit in L'interprétation (2015)](https://benoitfrydman.com/en/book-chapter/2015-entry-law-in-the-dictionary-of-hermeneutics/) [EN: "Entry 'Law' in the Dictionary of Hermeneutics"] [full text]: Benoit Frydman's dictionary entry on legal hermeneutics traces its origins to the tradition of interpreting religious texts (Torah, Bible) merged with the Greek rhetorical… - [Audition aux états généraux de la presse et des médias (2014)](https://benoitfrydman.com/en/report-working-paper/2014-hearing-at-the-estates-general-of-the-press-and-media/) [EN: "Hearing at the Estates General of the Press and Media"] [full text]: Benoit Frydman presents a fundamental conception of freedom of the press as a constitutive rule of democracy, not merely as an individual right but also as a limitation on… - [L'économie de marché n'est ni juste, ni injuste (2014)](https://benoitfrydman.com/en/magazine-press-article/2014-the-market-economy-is-neither-just-nor-unjust/) [EN: "The market economy is neither just nor unjust"] [full text]: In this interview, Benoit Frydman outlines his pragmatist vision of law in the face of globalization by diagnosing a weakening of national states, which allows economic actors… - [Petit manuel pratique de droit global (2014)](https://benoitfrydman.com/en/book/2014-a-short-practical-manual-of-global-law/) [EN: "A Short Practical Manual of Global Law"] [full text]: Benoit Frydman presents an accessible practical manual on global law as a tool to make the world more just in the context of globalization and European integration. The work… - [Réaliser la démocratie à l'échelle globale (2014)](https://benoitfrydman.com/en/book-chapter/2014-realizing-democracy-on-a-global-scale/) [EN: "Realizing Democracy on a Global Scale"] [full text]: Benoit Frydman examines the complex challenge of realizing democracy on a global scale, analyzing three interdependent levels: the consolidation of state democracies in the… - [Renouveau et avancée dans la définition du droit (2014)](https://benoitfrydman.com/en/journal-article/2014-renewal-and-advancement-in-the-definition-of-law/) [EN: "Renewal and Advancement in the Definition of Law"] [full text]: Benoit Frydman analyzes Remy Libchaber's contribution to legal theory, particularly his innovative definition of the legal order. The author highlights the ambition of the… - [Gouverner par les standards et les indicateurs : de Hume aux rankings (2013)](https://benoitfrydman.com/en/book/2013-governing-by-standards-and-indicators-from-hume-to-rankings/) [EN: "Governing by Standards and Indicators: From Hume to Rankings"]: This collective work, coordinated by Benoit Frydman and A. Van Waeyenberge, investigates technical standards and management and evaluation indicators (rankings) as growing… - [L'arrêt RTBF c. Belgique : un coup d'arrêt au contrôle judiciaire préventif de la presse et des médias (2013)](https://benoitfrydman.com/en/journal-article/2013-the-rtbf-v-belgium-judgment-a-halt-to-preventive-judicial-c/) [EN: "The RTBF v. Belgium Judgment: A Halt to Preventive Judicial Control of the Press and the Media"] [full text]: Benoit Frydman and Caroline Bricteux analyse the RTBF v. Belgium judgment delivered by the European Court of Human Rights on 29 March 2011, in which Belgium was found in… - [La pensée juridique de Xavier Dieux (2013)](https://benoitfrydman.com/en/preface-foreword/2013-the-legal-thought-of-xavier-dieux/) [EN: "The Legal Thought of Xavier Dieux"] [full text]: The preface by Benoit Frydman presents Xavier Dieux as the most brilliant representative of the Brussels School. It outlines the legal work of Xavier Dieux in three parts,… - [Le pouvoir normatif des agences de notation (2013)](https://benoitfrydman.com/en/book-chapter/2013-the-normative-power-of-credit-rating-agencies/) [EN: "The Normative Power of Credit Rating Agencies"] [full text]: Benoit Frydman examines the normative power wielded by credit rating agencies, particularly Moody's, over states and public institutions within globalizing financial markets.… - [Le rapport du droit aux contextes selon l'approche pragmatique de l'École de Bruxelles (2013)](https://benoitfrydman.com/en/journal-article/2013-the-relationship-of-law-to-contexts-according-to-the-pragma/) [EN: "The Relationship of Law to Contexts According to the Pragmatic Approach of the Brussels School"] [full text]: Benoit Frydman articulates the pragmatic approach of the Brussels School to law, placing context at the heart of legal understanding and practice. Rooted in the tradition of… - [Les agences de notation financière (2013)](https://benoitfrydman.com/en/book/2013-credit-rating-agencies/) [EN: "Credit Rating Agencies"]: This table of contents presents a collective volume examining credit rating agencies from several perspectives: their historical development, agency theory, the paradox of… - [Prendre les standards et les indicateurs au sérieux (2013)](https://benoitfrydman.com/en/book-chapter/2013-taking-standards-and-indicators-seriously/) [EN: "Taking Standards and Indicators Seriously"] [full text]: Benoit Frydman examines how technical and managerial standards increasingly compete with classical legal rules in the context of European integration and globalization. Drawing… - [Translating Unocal: The Liability of Transnational Corporations for Human Rights Violations (2013)](https://benoitfrydman.com/en/book-chapter/2013-translating-unocal-the-liability-of-transnational-corporati/): Benoît Frydman and Ludovic Hennebel examine transnational human rights litigation against multinational corporations through comparative analysis of the Unocal-Total case, in… - [Comment les pouvoirs publics peuvent-ils lutter efficacement contre l'incitation à la haine tout en garantissant la liberté d'expression ? (2012)](https://benoitfrydman.com/en/journal-article/2012-how-can-public-authorities-effectively-combat-incitement-to/) [EN: "How Can Public Authorities Effectively Combat Incitement to Hatred While Guaranteeing Freedom of Expression?"] [full text]: Benoit Frydman examines the status of hate speech in modern democracies, contrasting the radically opposed approaches of Europe and the United States. In Europe, the historical… - [Comment penser le droit global ? (2012)](https://benoitfrydman.com/en/book-chapter/2012-how-to-think-about-global-law/) [EN: "How to Think About Global Law?"]: Benoit Frydman presents a pragmatic methodology for studying global law by empirically examining the normative phenomena that emerge anarchically in globalized sectors… - [Concilier le management avec les valeurs du judiciaire (2012)](https://benoitfrydman.com/en/book-chapter/2012-reconciling-management-with-judicial-values/) [EN: "Reconciling Management with Judicial Values"] [full text]: Benoit Frydman examines the compatibility between the introduction of new public management within the judiciary and the fundamental values of the judicial function. The… - [De la nouvelle rhétorique à la logique juridique (2012)](https://benoitfrydman.com/en/book/2012-from-the-new-rhetoric-to-legal-logic/) [EN: "From the New Rhetoric to Legal Logic"]: This collective work examines the enduring intellectual influence of Chaïm Perelman on the philosophy of law and rhetorical theory, exploring how his New Rhetoric fundamentally… - [La Naissance de l'Auteur: Origines Politique et Juridique d'un Concept Littéraire (2012)](https://benoitfrydman.com/en/journal-article/2012-the-birth-of-the-author-political-and-legal-origins-of-a-li/) [EN: "The Birth of the Author: Political and Legal Origins of a Literary Concept"]: Benoit Frydman traces the genesis of the modern concept of the author, demonstrating that it is primarily a legal and political invention, not a literary one: modern… - [La Science du droit dans la globalisation (2012)](https://benoitfrydman.com/en/book/2012-the-science-of-law-in-a-globalizing-world/) [EN: "The Science of Law in a Globalizing World"]: This foreword introduces a collective volume arising from the 2010 Aix-en-Provence scientific conferences, which examines how the globalization of law calls for a… - [La victime est au cœur de l'action de la justice (2012)](https://benoitfrydman.com/en/magazine-press-article/2012-the-victim-is-at-the-heart-of-judicial-action/) [EN: "The Victim is at the Heart of Judicial Action"] [full text]: Through a discussion of Adam Smith's theories on sympathy as the emotional foundation of law, Benoit Frydman exposes the central and unresolved tension of contemporary justice:… - [Le jury viole-t-il les droits de l'homme ? (2012)](https://benoitfrydman.com/en/magazine-press-article/2012-does-the-jury-violate-human-rights/) [EN: "Does the Jury Violate Human Rights?"] [full text]: Benoit Frydman critiques the Belgian Superior Council of Justice for misrepresenting the European Court of Human Rights' decision in Taxquet v. Belgium to justify abolishing… - [Les codes de conduite, sources du droit global ? (2012)](https://benoitfrydman.com/en/book-chapter/2012-codes-of-conduct-a-source-of-global-law/) [EN: "CODES OF CONDUCT: A SOURCE OF GLOBAL LAW?"] [full text]: Benoit Frydman and Gregory Lewkowicz examine the omnipresence of codes of conduct in various global regulations to explore whether they constitute an autonomous source of law… - [Perelman et les juristes de l'Ecole de Bruxelles (2012)](https://benoitfrydman.com/en/book-chapter/2012-perelman-and-the-jurists-of-the-brussels-school/) [EN: "Perelman and the Jurists of the Brussels School"] [full text]: Benoit Frydman shows how Chaim Perelman and the Brussels School developed an argumentative approach to law that broke decisively with Kelsen's normativist positivism, while… - [Préface à La théorie bidimensionnelle de l'argumentation. Présomption et argument a fortiori (2012)](https://benoitfrydman.com/en/preface-foreword/2012-preface-to-the-two-dimensional-theory-of-argumentation-pres/) [EN: "Preface to The Two-Dimensional Theory of Argumentation: Presumption and the A Fortiori Argument"] [full text]: Benoit Frydman prefaces Stefan Goltzberg's book as a major contribution that opens innovative paths for legal argumentation beyond the Perelmanian legacy. He identifies two… - [Public strategies for Internet Co-Regulation in the United States, Europe and China (2012)](https://benoitfrydman.com/en/book-chapter/2012-public-strategies-for-internet-co-regulation-in-the-united/) [full text]: Frydman, Hennebel, and Lewkowicz examine how the United States, Europe, and China employ co-regulatory mechanisms to govern the internet, moving beyond traditional… - [Le management comme alternative à la procédure (2011)](https://benoitfrydman.com/en/preface-foreword/2011-management-as-an-alternative-to-procedure/) [EN: "Management as an Alternative to Procedure"] [full text]: Benoit Frydman analyzes management as an alternative and competing mode of regulation to law and procedures in contemporary justice. He traces the origins of the new judicial… - [Le nouveau management de la justice et l'indépendance des juges (2011)](https://benoitfrydman.com/en/book/2011-the-new-management-of-justice-and-the-independence-of-jud-2/) [EN: "The New Management of Justice and the Independence of Judges"]: This collective volume, edited by Emmanuel Jeuland and Benoit Frydman, examines the profound tension between New Public Management imperatives and judicial independence through… - [Le nouveau management de la justice et l’indépendance des juges (2011)](https://benoitfrydman.com/en/book-chapter/2011-the-new-management-of-justice-and-the-independence-of-judge/) [EN: "The New Management of Justice and the Independence of Judges"]: Benoit Frydman and Emmanuel Jeuland examine the tensions between the application of managerial mechanisms to judicial systems and the constitutional principles of independence… - [Le sens des lois. Histoire de l'interprétation et de la raison juridique (2011)](https://benoitfrydman.com/en/book/2011-the-meaning-of-laws-a-history-of-interpretation-and-legal-r/) [EN: "THE MEANING OF LAWS. A History of Interpretation and Legal Reasoning"]: In this preface to the third edition, Benoit Frydman introduces a work devoted to the history of interpretation and legal reasoning in the face of the challenges that… - [Pente glissante ou pente fatale : de la répression des discours de haine aux risques du politiquement correct pour la démocratie (2011)](https://benoitfrydman.com/en/book-chapter/2011-slippery-slope-or-fatal-slope-from-the-repression-of-hate-s/) [EN: "Slippery Slope or Fatal Slope: From the Repression of Hate Speech to the Risks of Political Correctness for Democracy"] [full text]: Benoit Frydman analyses the fundamentally different legal approaches to hate speech in the United States and in Europe, examining whether legal restrictions on such speech are… - [Procédure pénale: de l'arraignment au plea bargaining (2011)](https://benoitfrydman.com/en/magazine-press-article/2011-criminal-procedure-from-arraignment-to-plea-bargaining/) [EN: "Criminal Procedure: From Arraignment to Plea Bargaining"] [full text]: This article explains, under the guidance of Benoit Frydman, the functioning and internal logic of American criminal procedure for a European audience, explicitly emphasizing… - [L'Université n'est pas une entreprise (2010)](https://benoitfrydman.com/en/magazine-press-article/2010-the-university-is-not-a-business/) [EN: "The University is Not a Business"] [full text]: Benoit Frydman critiques the application of New Public Management techniques to university governance, arguing that while institutional evolution is necessary, universities… - [Le contentieux transnational des droits de l'homme : une analyse stratégique (2009)](https://benoitfrydman.com/en/journal-article/2009-transnational-human-rights-litigation-a-strategic-analysis/) [EN: "Transnational Human Rights Litigation: A Strategic Analysis"]: Benoit Frydman and Ludovic Hennebel analyze the emergence and expansion of transnational human rights litigation, defined as all legal actions concerning violations of human… - [L'évolution des critères et des modes de contrôle de la qualité des décisions de justice (2008)](https://benoitfrydman.com/en/book-chapter/2008-the-evolution-of-the-criteria-and-methods-of-quality-contro/) [EN: "The Evolution of the Criteria and Methods of Quality Control for Judicial Decisions"] [full text]: Benoit Frydman traces the historical evolution of the quality criteria for judicial decisions, moving from the ancient model based on the prudence of the magistrate to the… - [La justice mondiale peut-elle être civile ? (2008)](https://benoitfrydman.com/en/journal-article/2008-can-global-justice-be-civil/) [EN: "Can Global Justice Be Civil?"] [full text]: Benoit Frydman critically examines transnational civil justice as a mechanism for addressing historical atrocities and human rights violations, engaging substantively with… - [L'affaire Total et ses enjeux (2007)](https://benoitfrydman.com/en/book-chapter/2007-the-total-case-and-its-implications/) [EN: "The Total Case and Its Implications"]: This article analyzes the Total case, which concerns the grave violations of human rights and humanitarian law perpetrated in Myanmar by soldiers of the ruling military junta… - [L'hospitalité judiciaire (2007)](https://benoitfrydman.com/en/book-chapter/2007-judicial-hospitality/) [EN: "Judicial Hospitality"] [full text]: Benoit Frydman examines the concept of 'judicial hospitality'—the duty of judges to receive and hear claims from victims of human rights violations, particularly when they… - [La contestation du jury populaire : symptôme d'une crise rhétorique et démocratique (2007)](https://benoitfrydman.com/en/journal-article/2007-the-contestation-of-the-popular-jury-symptom-of-a-rhetorica/) [EN: "The Contestation of the Popular Jury: Symptom of a Rhetorical and Democratic Crisis"]: Benoit Frydman analyzes the persistent criticisms of the popular jury, particularly in Belgium and France, demonstrating how anti-rhetorical arguments against lay jurors,… - [La responsabilité des entreprises transnationales pour les violations des droits de l'homme : l'affaire Total-Unocal devant les juridictions américaines et européennes (2007)](https://benoitfrydman.com/en/journal-article/2007-the-liability-of-transnational-corporations-for-human-right/) [EN: "The Liability of Transnational Corporations for Human Rights Violations: The Total-Unocal Case Before American and European Courts"]: Benoit Frydman and Ludovic Hennebel examine the legal liability of transnational corporations for human rights violations through a comparative analysis of the Total-Unocal… - [La transparence, un concept opaque ? (2007)](https://benoitfrydman.com/en/journal-article/2007-transparency-an-opaque-concept/) [EN: "Transparency: An Opaque Concept?"] [full text]: Benoit Frydman examines the contemporary concept of transparency, distinguishing it from the classical principle of publicity that law has recognised since the Ancien Regime.… - [Le dialogue international des juges et la perspective idéale d'une justice universelle (2007)](https://benoitfrydman.com/en/book-chapter/2007-the-international-dialogue-of-judges-and-the-ideal-perspect/) [EN: "The international dialogue of judges and the ideal perspective of universal justice"] [full text]: Benoit Frydman analyzes the phenomenon of transnational judicial dialogue as a manifestation of declining state legal positivism and evolving judicial authority beyond national… - [Les propos qui heurtent, choquent ou inquiètent (2007)](https://benoitfrydman.com/en/journal-article/2007-speech-that-offends-shocks-or-disturbs/) [EN: "Speech that Offends, Shocks or Disturbs"] [full text]: Benoit Frydman introduces a special issue examining the legal status of blasphemy and other offensive speech in modern European democratic societies, employing a pragmatic… - [Responsabilités des entreprises et corégulation (2007)](https://benoitfrydman.com/en/book/2007-responsabilites-des-entreprises-et-coregulation/): La mondialisation accroît la puissance des entreprises en même temps qu'elle réduit les moyens des Etats de les contrôler. Cette redistribution des pouvoirs implique, de… - [Stratégies de responsabilisation des entreprises à l'ère de la mondialisation (2007)](https://benoitfrydman.com/en/book-chapter/2007-strategies-for-corporate-accountability-in-the-era-of-globa/) [EN: "Strategies for Corporate Accountability in the Era of Globalization"] [full text]: Benoit Frydman analyzes corporate social responsibility (CSR) strategies in the context of globalization. He examines whether CSR constitutes a mere ideological justification… - [Juge professionnel et juge citoyen : L'échevinage à la croisée de deux cultures judiciaires (2006)](https://benoitfrydman.com/en/book-chapter/2006-professional-judge-and-citizen-judge-lay-participation-at-t/) [EN: "Professional Judge and Citizen Judge: Lay Participation at the Crossroads of Two Judicial Cultures"] [full text]: Benoit Frydman examines the apparent paradox of the participation of non-professional judges in the administration of justice, establishing that this practice rests upon a… - [La fabrique juridique du témoignage (2006)](https://benoitfrydman.com/en/magazine-press-article/2006-the-legal-construction-of-testimony/) [EN: "The Legal Construction of Testimony"]: This interview with Benoit Frydman examines the role of testimony in legal evidence and the historical and comparative variations of its status. Frydman analyzes a constitutive… - [De l'expression et du statut de la société civile dans l'ordre international (2005)](https://benoitfrydman.com/en/magazine-press-article/2005-de-l-expression-et-du-statut-de-la-societe-civile-dans-l-or/): Trois grands principes constitutionnels définissent le statut constitutionnel de la société civile dans les constitutions libérales : la publicité qui oblige les gouvernements… - [Dworkin avec ses réponses (2005)](https://benoitfrydman.com/en/book/2005-dworkin-avec-ses-reponses/): Ce dossier collectif, coordonné par Benoît Frydman, réunit plusieurs contributions consacrées à l'œuvre de Ronald Dworkin, suivies des réponses de ce dernier aux auteurs. Il… - [Généalogie de l'esprit de corps (2005)](https://benoitfrydman.com/en/book-chapter/2005-genealogy-of-the-esprit-de-corps/) [EN: "Genealogy of the Esprit de Corps"] [full text]: Thomas Berns and Benoit Frydman trace the genealogy of the esprit de corps through a historical analysis of the transformations of political discourse, from medieval… - [Juger la quadrature du cercle (2005)](https://benoitfrydman.com/en/magazine-press-article/2005-judging-the-squaring-of-the-circle/) [EN: "Judging the Squaring of the Circle"] [full text]: Benoit Frydman argues that judgment, in our legal culture, reconciles two competing historical traditions: the Greek democratic tradition, which values rhetorical argumentation… - [Nouvelle Rhétorique (2005)](https://benoitfrydman.com/en/book-chapter/2005-new-rhetoric/) [EN: "New Rhetoric"] [full text]: Benoit Frydman presents the New Rhetoric, a 20th-century philosophical movement founded by Chaïm Perelman that challenges the positivist rejection of practical reasoning by… - [Pourquoi Dworkin intéresse les philosophes ? (2005)](https://benoitfrydman.com/en/journal-article/2005-why-does-dworkin-interest-philosophers/) [EN: "Why Does Dworkin Interest Philosophers?"] [full text]: Benoit Frydman examines why Ronald Dworkin's jurisprudential work attracts such significant and widespread attention among philosophers despite addressing questions in legal… - [Rapport définitif de la Commission de réforme de la Cour d'assises (2005)](https://benoitfrydman.com/en/report-working-paper/2005-final-report-of-the-commission-for-the-reform-of-the-assize/) [EN: "Final Report of the Commission for the Reform of the Assize Court"]: This final report of the Commission for the Reform of the Assize Court examines the relevance and quality of the current assize procedure and proposes two fundamental… - [Société civile et démocratisation des organisations internationales (2005)](https://benoitfrydman.com/en/book/2005-civil-society-and-the-democratization-of-international-orga/) [EN: "Civil Society and the Democratization of International Organizations"]: The document excerpt consists solely of a table of contents listing chapters on non-state actors' participation in international organizations and does not contain substantive… - [v° Perelman (2005)](https://benoitfrydman.com/en/book-chapter/2005-v-perelman-dictionary-of-justice/) [EN: "V° Perelman, Dictionary of Justice"] [full text]: Benoit Frydman offers an encyclopaedic synthesis of Chaim Perelman's major contributions to legal philosophy and the theory of justice, retracing the way in which Perelman… - [Comprendre le droit avec Paul Martens (2004)](https://benoitfrydman.com/en/magazine-press-article/2004-understanding-law-with-paul-martens/) [EN: "Understanding Law with Paul Martens"] [full text]: Benoit Frydman reviews Paul Martens's book entitled 'Theories of Law and Contemporary Legal Thought', praising the meditative and pluralistic approach of this great magistrate… - [Coregulation: A Possible Legal Model for Global Governance (2004)](https://benoitfrydman.com/en/book-chapter/2004-coregulation-a-possible-legal-model-for-global-governance/) [full text]: Benoit Frydman argues that globalization fundamentally transforms legal regulation from state-centered command-and-punishment systems to a new model of "coregulation" involving… - [Habermas et la société civile contemporaine (2004)](https://benoitfrydman.com/en/book-chapter/2004-habermas-and-contemporary-civil-society/) [EN: "Habermas and Contemporary Civil Society"] [full text]: Benoit Frydman presents the philosophy of Habermas as offering the most robust and influential contemporary conception of civil society, grounding democratic institutions in… - [La rhétorique judiciaire dans l'Antigone de Sophocle (2004)](https://benoitfrydman.com/en/book-chapter/2004-judicial-rhetoric-in-sophocles-antigone/) [EN: "Judicial Rhetoric in Sophocles' Antigone"] [full text]: Benoit Frydman proposes a rhetorical reading of Sophocles' Antigone as a judicial case, applying ancient judicial topoi to analyze the argumentation deployed by the… - [La société civile et ses droits (2004)](https://benoitfrydman.com/en/book-chapter/2004-civil-society-and-its-rights/) [EN: "Civil Society and Its Rights"] [full text]: Benoit Frydman introduces the modern concept of civil society and its emerging political role in contemporary democracies, drawing on the Dutroux affair in Belgium in 1996 and… - [La société civile et ses droits (2004)](https://benoitfrydman.com/en/book/2004-civil-society-and-its-rights-2/) [EN: "Civil Society and Its Rights"]: Depuis la marche blanche et les défilés anti-mondialisation, la société civile occupe le devant de la scène politique tant nationale qu'internationale. Mais qu'est-ce au juste… - [Classer les droits de l'homme (2003)](https://benoitfrydman.com/en/magazine-press-article/2003-classifying-human-rights/) [EN: "Classifying Human Rights"] [full text]: Benoit Frydman examines the problem of classifying human rights in the contemporary era, showing that the continuous proliferation of new rights and new categories of rights… - [Divorcing Power and Reason: Spinoza and the Founding of Modern Law (2003)](https://benoitfrydman.com/en/journal-article/2003-divorcing-power-and-reason-spinoza-and-the-founding-of-mode/) [full text]: Benoit Frydman explores Spinoza's transformative role in restructuring the foundations of modern legal thought through close analysis of his Theologico-Political Treatise,… - [L'Europe légifère contre le racisme (2003)](https://benoitfrydman.com/en/magazine-press-article/2003-europe-legislates-against-racism/) [EN: "Europe Legislates Against Racism"] [full text]: Benoit Frydman analyzes a proposed European Union framework decision aimed at harmonizing the criminal law of Member States in the fight against racism and xenophobia. He… - [Le jury et la mort (2003)](https://benoitfrydman.com/en/magazine-press-article/2003-the-jury-and-death/) [EN: "The Jury and Death"] [full text]: This article analyzes two recent decisions by the United States Supreme Court that significantly challenge the application of the death penalty: the first declares the… - [Une convention internationale contre la haine sur Internet (2003)](https://benoitfrydman.com/en/magazine-press-article/2003-an-international-convention-against-hate-on-the-internet/) [EN: "An International Convention Against Hate on the Internet"] [full text]: On November 7, 2002, the Council of Europe adopted an additional protocol to the Convention on Cybercrime, the result of complex negotiations, aimed at combating the… - [fighting nazi and anti-semitic material on the internet: the yahoo! case and its global implications (2002)](https://benoitfrydman.com/en/journal-article/2002-fighting-nazi-and-anti-semitic-material-on-the-internet-the/) [full text]: Benoît Frydman and Isabelle Rorive provide detailed analysis of the Yahoo! case, a landmark decision in which a French court ordered the American search engine and auction site… - [John Rawls, philosophe de la Justice (2002)](https://benoitfrydman.com/en/magazine-press-article/2002-john-rawls-philosopher-of-justice/) [EN: "John Rawls, Philosopher of Justice"] [full text]: Benoit Frydman traces the philosophical trajectory of John Rawls, who passed away in 2002, highlighting the significance of his 'Theory of Justice', which is founded on the… - [L'autorité des interprétations de la Cour d'Arbitrage (2002)](https://benoitfrydman.com/en/journal-article/2002-the-authority-of-the-interpretations-of-the-court-of-arbitr/) [EN: "The Authority of the Interpretations of the Court of Arbitration"] [full text]: Benoit Frydman analyzes the practice of conciliatory interpretations by the Belgian Court of Arbitration, a technique through which the Court proposes a reading of the law that… - [Le contrôle judiciaire de la presse (2002)](https://benoitfrydman.com/en/journal-article/2002-judicial-control-of-the-press/) [EN: "Judicial Control of the Press"] [full text]: Jacques Englebert and Benoit Frydman criticize Belgian case law, notably the 2000 Leempoel judgment of the Court of Cassation, which authorizes judges to preventively prohibit… - [Le droit privé de contenu (2002)](https://benoitfrydman.com/en/book-chapter/2002-law-deprived-of-content/) [EN: "Law Deprived of Content"] [full text]: Benoit Frydman argues that contemporary legal transformations represent not a reallocation of power between authorities but a hollowing out of law's normative substance through… - [Les droits de l'Homme en ligne (2002)](https://benoitfrydman.com/en/magazine-press-article/2002-human-rights-online/) [EN: "Human Rights Online"]: A research team from the Centre de Philosophie du Droit at the Université Libre de Bruxelles developed an open-access online database titled Human Rights Network International… - [Philosophie du droit (2002)](https://benoitfrydman.com/en/book/2002-philosophy-of-law/) [EN: "Philosophy of Law"]: This introduction to the Philosophy of Law examines the fundamental questions of contemporary legal thought: what is justice, and how can a society establish just norms through… - [Regulating Internet Content through Intermediaries in Europe and the USA (2002)](https://benoitfrydman.com/en/journal-article/2002-regulating-internet-content-through-intermediaries-in-europ/) [full text]: Benoît Frydman and Isabelle Rorive examine how Internet Service Providers (ISPs) have become central to the enforcement of divergent national free speech standards in a… - [De l'art d'écrire à l'art de lire : Le modèle straussien de l'interprétation (2001)](https://benoitfrydman.com/en/book-chapter/2001-from-the-art-of-writing-to-the-art-of-reading-the-straussia/) [EN: "From the Art of Writing to the Art of Reading: The Straussian Model of Interpretation"] [full text]: Benoit Frydman proposes to identify a Straussian model of textual interpretation based on medieval hermeneutics, highlighting how Leo Strauss analyzes Spinoza's enterprise in… - [Léo Strauss : philosophie, art d’écrire, politique (2001)](https://benoitfrydman.com/en/book/2001-leo-strauss-philosophy-art-of-writing-politics/) [EN: "Leo Strauss: Philosophy, Art of Writing, Politics"]: This prologue, written by E. Cattin, Benoit Frydman, L. Jaffro, and A. Petit, examines how to read Leo Strauss by emphasizing that his commentaries on classical and modern… - [Prologue à Léo Strauss : philosophie, art d’écrire, politique (2001)](https://benoitfrydman.com/en/book-chapter/2001-prologue-to-leo-strauss-philosophy-art-of-writing-politics/) [EN: "Prologue to Leo Strauss: Philosophy, Art of Writing, Politics"] [full text]: This collection introduces the singular hermeneutic method of Leo Strauss, based on a meticulous and rigorous reading of philosophical texts combined with the recognition of an… - [Vers un statut de la société civile dans l'ordre international (2001)](https://benoitfrydman.com/en/journal-article/2001-towards-a-status-for-civil-society-in-the-international-ord/) [EN: "Towards a Status for Civil Society in the International Order"] [full text]: Benoit Frydman defines contemporary civil society as an autonomous 'third sector' situated between the State and the market, one that plays a role essential to modern democracy… - [Justice et opinion publique : qui contrôle qui ? (2000)](https://benoitfrydman.com/en/magazine-press-article/2000-justice-and-public-opinion-who-controls-whom/) [EN: "Justice and Public Opinion: Who Controls Whom?"] [full text]: Following the political crisis triggered by the Dutroux affair, Benoit Frydman analyzes the paradoxical relationship between justice and public opinion in Belgium. The… - [L'opinion publique et la Constitution (2000)](https://benoitfrydman.com/en/magazine-press-article/2000-public-opinion-and-the-constitution/) [EN: "Public Opinion and the Constitution"] [full text]: Benoit Frydman argues that, despite their explicit absence from the Belgian Constitution, public opinion and civil society constitute the intimate foundation of modern… - [La cohabitation légale et le droit naturel (2000)](https://benoitfrydman.com/en/journal-article/2000-legal-cohabitation-and-natural-law/) [EN: "Legal Cohabitation and Natural Law"] [full text]: This editorial by Benoit Frydman critiques the Belgian law of November 23, 1998, establishing legal cohabitation, designed to respond to the demands of homosexual couples… - [Le droit des contrats à la lumière de la philosophie de l'action : indécidabilité, coopération et révision (2000)](https://benoitfrydman.com/en/book-chapter/2000-contract-law-in-the-light-of-the-philosophy-of-action-undec/) [EN: "Contract Law in the Light of the Philosophy of Action: Undecidability, Cooperation and Revision"] [full text]: Benoit Frydman argues that positive contract law has effectively taken a pragmatic turn that radically transforms classical contract theory. Rather than focusing exclusively on… - [Le droit, de la modernité à la postmodernité (2000)](https://benoitfrydman.com/en/journal-article/2000-law-from-modernity-to-postmodernity/) [EN: "Law, from Modernity to Postmodernity"] [full text]: Benoit Frydman examines the paradoxical relationship between modern and postmodern juridical thought. While modernity aspired to ground political and social organization solely… - [Le projet scientifique de François Gény (2000)](https://benoitfrydman.com/en/book-chapter/2000-the-scientific-project-of-francois-geny/) [EN: "The Scientific Project of François Gény"]: Benoit Frydman analyses François Gény's scientific project as a major paradigmatic break in nineteenth-century legal methodology. Gény resolutely rejects the traditional… - [Les nouveaux rapports entre droit et économie : trois hypothèses concurrentes (2000)](https://benoitfrydman.com/en/book-chapter/2000-the-new-relations-between-law-and-economics-three-competing/) [EN: "The new relations between law and economics: three competing hypotheses"] [full text]: Benoit Frydman synthesizes three theoretically distinct yet complementary approaches to understanding law-economy relations: economic analysis of law (which risks reducing law… - [Politiques de prévention et modèles de citoyenneté (2000)](https://benoitfrydman.com/en/book-chapter/2000-politiques-de-prevention-et-modeles-de-citoyennete/) [full text]: Benoit Frydman présente une synthèse critique de quatre modèles théoriques concurrents de citoyenneté et d'intégration sociale: le modèle libéral fondé sur la priorité de… - [Disciplines métajuridiques (1999)](https://benoitfrydman.com/en/journal-article/1999-meta-legal-disciplines/) [EN: "Meta-legal Disciplines"] [full text]: Benoit Frydman analyzes the spectacular evolution of the relationship between law and political action in Belgium, characterized by a shift from the principle of the separation… - [L'impartialité : la longue et difficile application d'un principe général du droit (1999)](https://benoitfrydman.com/en/journal-article/1999-impartiality-the-long-and-difficult-application-of-a-genera/) [EN: "Impartiality: The Long and Difficult Application of a General Principle of Law"] [full text]: Benoit Frydman examines impartiality as a fundamental principle of judicial organisation through a critical review of recent Belgian case law. His analysis focuses on the… - [Le pari de Protagoras : la participation citoyenne au Conseil Supérieur de la Justice (1999)](https://benoitfrydman.com/en/book-chapter/1999-protagoras-s-wager-citizen-participation-in-the-high-counci/) [EN: "Protagoras's Wager: Citizen Participation in the High Council of Justice"] [full text]: Benoit Frydman argues that citizen participation in Belgium's High Council of Justice finds its philosophical foundation in the democratic principle set out by Protagoras,… - [Les transformations du droit moderne (1999)](https://benoitfrydman.com/en/book/1999-the-transformations-of-modern-law/) [EN: "The Transformations of Modern Law"]: Ce livre examine les transformations fondamentales du droit moderne à la lumière de la postmodernité. Benoît Frydman retrace comment les systèmes juridiques ont évolué des… - [Grandeur, déclin et renouveau de la plaidoirie dans l'histoire de la méthodologie juridique (1998)](https://benoitfrydman.com/en/book-chapter/1998-greatness-decline-and-renewal-of-oral-pleading-in-the-histo/) [EN: "Greatness, Decline, and Renewal of Oral Pleading in the History of Legal Methodology"] [full text]: Benoit Frydman analyzes the unjustified historical marginalization of oral pleading in contemporary legal methodology, a depreciation inherited from modern scientism that… - [Interview sur la désobéissance civile (1998)](https://benoitfrydman.com/en/magazine-press-article/1998-interview-on-civil-disobedience/) [EN: "Interview on Civil Disobedience"]: This interview examines civil disobedience as a positive expression of democratic participation and a critical reminder of the democratic project, challenging legal positivism,… - [Introduction : Méthode du discours (1998)](https://benoitfrydman.com/en/book-chapter/1998-introduction-method-of-discourse/) [EN: "Introduction: Method of Discourse"] [full text]: This collective volume, arising from a 1997 conference, seeks to renew the study of the plea (plaidoirie) as an art of persuasion through speech, grounded in argumentation and… - [La plaidoirie (1998)](https://benoitfrydman.com/en/book/1998-oral-pleading/) [EN: "Oral Pleading"]: Qu'est-ce qu'une bonne plaidoirie ? Comment la préparer et la réussir ? Comment trouver les mots justes pour traduire les réalités et la vie des hommes et des femmes… - [Les transformations du droit moderne (1998)](https://benoitfrydman.com/en/report-working-paper/1998-the-transformations-of-modern-law/) [EN: "The Transformations of Modern Law"]: This report examines the fundamental transformations of modern law in light of postmodernity. Benoit Frydman traces how legal systems have evolved from the rationalist… - [L'évolution des normes de scientificité en droit (1997)](https://benoitfrydman.com/en/book-chapter/1997-the-evolution-of-standards-of-scientificity-in-law/) [EN: "The Evolution of Standards of Scientificity in Law"]: Benoit Frydman traces the evolution of the standards of scientificity that structured the theory and practice of French law from the early modern period to the nineteenth… - [La démocratie en quête de principes (1997)](https://benoitfrydman.com/en/journal-article/1997-democracy-in-search-of-principles/) [EN: "Democracy in Search of Principles"]: Benoit Frydman defends the Connerotte judgment of the Belgian Court of Cassation against the criticisms formulated by M. Tanghe, demonstrating that this decision constitutes a… - [La philosophie de « l'arrêt Connerotte » (1997)](https://benoitfrydman.com/en/journal-article/1997-the-philosophy-of-the-connerotte-judgment/) [EN: "The Philosophy of the 'Connerotte Judgment'"] [full text]: Benoit Frydman analyzes the philosophical foundations of the Connerotte decision, in which Belgium's Court of Cassation disqualified a judge from the Dutroux investigation. The… - [Le calcul rationnel des droits sur le marché de la justice : l'école de l'analyse économique du droit (1997)](https://benoitfrydman.com/en/book-chapter/1997-the-rational-calculation-of-rights-on-the-justice-market-th/) [EN: "The Rational Calculation of Rights on the Justice Market: The Law and Economics School"] [full text]: Benoit Frydman examines the Law and Economics school, tracing its development from American legal realism and its expansion from antitrust law to all branches of law. The… - [Procéduralisation et indécidabilité (1997)](https://benoitfrydman.com/en/journal-article/1997-proceduralization-and-undecidability/) [EN: "Proceduralization and Undecidability"] [full text]: Benoit Frydman presents Jacques Lenoble's essay on law and communication, which articulates a reflection on the transition from a legal paradigm based on calculative and… - [Quel droit pour l'Internet ? (1997)](https://benoitfrydman.com/en/book-chapter/1997-what-law-for-the-internet/) [EN: "What Law for the Internet?"] [full text]: Benoit Frydman analyzes the fundamental inadequacy of territorial domestic law to govern cross-border communications on the Internet. Through examples of French case law (the… - [Quel droit pour l'Internet ? (1997)](https://benoitfrydman.com/en/book-chapter/1997-quel-droit-pour-l-internet/) [full text]: Benoit Frydman explore le défi majeur que pose l'adaptation du droit à la régulation d'Internet, réseau dont la nature transgresse les frontières des ordres juridiques… - [Négociation ou marchandage? De l'éthique de la discussion au droit de la négociation (1996)](https://benoitfrydman.com/en/book-chapter/1996-negotiation-or-bargaining-from-the-ethics-of-discourse-to-t/) [EN: "Negotiation or Bargaining? From the Ethics of Discourse to the Law of Negotiation"] [full text]: This article by Benoit Frydman examines legal negotiation through an approach combining philosophical theory and positive law. Frydman distinguishes three contemporary… - [Y a-t-il en droit des révolutions scientifiques ? (1996)](https://benoitfrydman.com/en/journal-article/1996-are-there-scientific-revolutions-in-law/) [EN: "Are There Scientific Revolutions in Law?"] [full text]: Benoit Frydman proposes to examine the history of legal thought through the concept of scientific revolution borrowed from Thomas Kuhn. The author rejects two traditional… - [Art et techniques de la plaidoirie aujourd'hui (1995)](https://benoitfrydman.com/en/book/1995-art-and-techniques-of-advocacy-today/) [EN: "Art and techniques of advocacy today"]: La plaidoirie serait-elle morte? La réponse est bien évidemment non. Elle est toujours au coeur du métier d'avocat. Pourtant, au cours des cinquante dernières années, aucun… - [Les formes de l'analogie (1995)](https://benoitfrydman.com/en/journal-article/1995-the-forms-of-analogy/) [EN: "The Forms of Analogy"]: Benoit Frydman systematically analyzes the formal structures and epistemic functions of analogical reasoning in legal discourse, drawing on the rhetorical philosophy of Chaïm… - [Compte-rendu de l'Empire du droit de Ronald Dworkin (1994)](https://benoitfrydman.com/en/journal-article/1994-review-of-ronald-dworkin-s-law-s-empire/) [EN: "Review of Ronald Dworkin's Law's Empire"]: This article presents Ronald Dworkin's theory of 'law as integrity' developed in Law's Empire, using the metaphor of the chain novel to explain judicial decision-making.… - [Exégèse et Philologie : Un cas d'herméneutique comparée (1994)](https://benoitfrydman.com/en/journal-article/1994-exegesis-and-philology-a-case-of-comparative-hermeneutics/) [EN: "Exegesis and Philology: A Case of Comparative Hermeneutics"] [full text]: This article highlights the remarkable methodological parallels between nineteenth-century French legal exegesis and contemporary German philology, arguing that both… - [Hacia la democracia global (undated)](https://benoitfrydman.com/en/other-academic-work/sd-towards-global-democracy/) [EN: "Towards Global Democracy"] [full text]: Benoit Frydman examines the complex challenge of achieving democracy on a global scale, analyzing three interdependent levels: the consolidation of state democracies in the… - [Intervention à la Commission de la Justice de la Chambre pour le débat informel du 25 avril 2018 relatif à la réforme de la Cour d'assises (undated)](https://benoitfrydman.com/en/report-working-paper/sd-address-to-the-justice-committee-of-the-chamber-of-representa/) [EN: "Address to the Justice Committee of the Chamber of Representatives for the Informal Debate of 25 April 2018 on the Reform of the Assize Court"] [full text]: Benoit Frydman addresses the Justice Committee of the Belgian Chamber of Representatives concerning the constitutional risks of replacing the Belgian citizen jury with a mixed… - [L'Action législative, son évaluation et sa révision (undated)](https://benoitfrydman.com/en/other-academic-work/sd-legislative-action-its-evaluation-and-its-revision/) [EN: "Legislative Action, Its Evaluation and Its Revision"] [full text]: Benoit Frydman diagnoses persistent shortcomings in the quality of modern legislation — including textual obscurity, the inability to anticipate judicial reception, uncertainty… - [La critique de la Souveraineté dans le Précis de droit des gens de Georges Scelle (undated)](https://benoitfrydman.com/en/book-chapter/sd-the-critique-of-sovereignty-in-georges-scelle-s-precis-of-the/) [EN: "The Critique of Sovereignty in Georges Scelle's Précis of the Law of Nations"]: Benoit Frydman analyzes the radical critique of sovereignty developed by Georges Scelle in his Précis of the Law of Nations (1932-1934), a period marked by the rise of fascism.… - [La méthode pragmatique du Professeur Van Ommeslaghe (undated)](https://benoitfrydman.com/en/other-academic-work/sd-professor-van-ommeslaghe-s-pragmatic-method/) [EN: "Professor Van Ommeslaghe's Pragmatic Method"] [full text]: This address pays tribute to the pragmatic method of Professor Pierre Van Ommeslaghe, tracing how Belgian legal pragmatism, developed notably by Henri de Page and by Van… - [Les formes de l'intelligence politique et juridique, de l'ère moderne à l'intelligence artificielle (undated)](https://benoitfrydman.com/en/book-chapter/sd-the-forms-of-political-and-legal-intelligence-from-the-modern/) [EN: "The Forms of Political and Legal Intelligence from the Modern Era to Artificial Intelligence"]: Benoit Frydman traces the historical evolution of attempts in Western legal and political thought to base decision-making and government on scientific rationality rather than… - [Pourquoi les démocraties triomphent des dictatures (undated)](https://benoitfrydman.com/en/other-academic-work/sd-why-democracies-triumph-over-dictatorships/) [EN: "Why Democracies Triumph Over Dictatorships"] [full text]: Benoit Frydman explains why democracies, despite their apparent fragility, ultimately triumph over authoritarian regimes. His argument relies on a structural contrast: while… - [Réflexion stratégique ULB 2030 : la liberté académique (undated)](https://benoitfrydman.com/en/report-working-paper/sd-ulb-2030-strategic-reflection-academic-freedom/) [EN: "ULB 2030 Strategic Reflection: Academic Freedom"] [full text]: Benoit Frydman defends the steadfast maintenance of academic freedom at ULB in the face of contemporary pressures of intensified public controversies, drawing on the Ken Loach…